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تعیین متغیرهای پیش‌بینی‌کننده شخصیت صلح‌مدار: با نگاهی به تفاوت‌های جنسیتی و وضعیت تاهل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
زهرا خیّر 1
حمیدرضا عریضی 2
کریم عسگری 3
اسورکر سیکستروم 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روان‌شناسی عمومی، دانشکده‌ی علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2 دکترای روان‌شناسی عمومی، استاد روان‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
3 دکترای سایکوفارماکولوژی، دانشیار روان‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
4 دکترای روان‌شناسی شناختی، رئیس بخش شناختی دانشکده‌ی علوم اجتماعی و روان‌شناسی، لوند، سوئد
10.22038/jfmh.2018.12173
چکیده
مقدمه: مفهوم صلح­مداری به عنوان یک صفت شخصیتی، متضمن این امر است که فرد، الگوی باثباتی از رفتار، حالات و نگرش­های صلح­مدار در طول زمان و حیطه­های گوناگون (فردی، بین فردی، بین­المللی) از خود نشان دهد. هدف این پژوهش تعیین متغیرهای پیش­بینی­کننده شخصیت صلح­مدار با بررسی تفاوت­های جنسیتی و وضعیت تاهل بود.
روش­کار: این پژوهش در چهار مرحله اجرا گردید. در مرحله نخست، متغیرهای اثرگذار در حوزه صلح که از مرور ادبیات مربوطه استخراج گردیده بود، توسط گروه 30 نفره از دانشجویان گروه­بندی و در مرحله دوم، با کمک همبستگی و نرم­افزار R.3.3.3 ارتباط بین 22 متغیر مذکور و نمره صلح کل مشخص گردید. در مرحله سوم، میزان پیش­بینی­کنندگی هر یک از این متغیرها برای نمره کل صلح (مجموع دو آزمون صلح درون و بیرون) با تحلیل رگرسیون چندمتغیره با کمک نرم­افزار SPSS نسخه 23 مشخص و در مرحله آخر، با تحلیل مانوا تفاوت­های جنسیتی و وضعیت تاهل 206 آزمودنی­ در پاسخ به مقیاس­های صلح، بررسی شد.
یافته­ها: یافته های مرحله نخست متغیرهای حوزه صلح را در سه گروه شناختی، هیجانی و ارتباطی با ضریب کاپاهای عالی تا خوب طبقه­بندی نمود. نتایج مرحله دوم، ماتریس همبستگی بین متغیرها را نشان داد و دستاوردهای مرحله سوم در تحلیل رگرسیون متغیرهای گروه ارتباطی، حل تعارض، ارتباط با طبیعت، شفقت بر خود و شوخ­طبعی در پیش­بینی­کنندگی صلح­مداری معنادار بودند (89/0=R2). برای متغیرهای گروه هیجانی، امید، ذهن­خوانی، پرخاشگری و هارمونی معنادار بودند (89/0=R2). برای متغیرهای گروه شناختی، بازداری و نیاز به شناخت معنادار بودند (93/0=R2). نتایج مانوای مرحله چهارم نشان داد  اثر اصلی وضعیت تاهل برای دو مقیاس صلح درونی و بین فردی، اثر اصلی جنسیت برای این دو مقیاس و تعامل جنسیت*وضعیت تاهل برای مقیاس صلح بین فردی معنادار بود.
نتیجه­گیری: مجموعه گسترده­ای از متغیرهای روان­شناختی بر ویژگی شخصیتی صلح­مداری اثر دارند که شناسایی آن­ها رهنمون­های تازه­ای برای طراحی دوره­های آموزشی ارتقادهنده سلامت صلح­محور دارند. توجه به تفاوت­های جنسیتی و وضعیت تاهل در طراحی دقیق­تر چنین مداخلاتی مهم است. 
کلیدواژه‌ها
تاهل
جنسیت
شخصیت
روان‌شناسی تعارض
صلح
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مجله اصول بهداشت روانی
دوره 21، شماره 1
آذر و دی 1397
صفحه 11-24