اختلال کمبود توجه بیش فعالی در بیماران مبتلا به بیماری قلبی مادرزادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 Associate professor of pediatric and congenital cardiology, Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Assistant professor of psychiatry, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Assistant professor of child and adolescent psychiatry, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده

مقدمه: ناتوانی‌های عصبی رشدی، به‌ویژه اختلالات عملکرد اجرایی، در حال حاضر شایع‌ترین عوارض طولانی‌مدت در جمعیت مبتلا به بیماری‌های مادرزادی قلب (CHD) هستند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی فراوانی اختلال نقص توجه و بیش فعالی (ADHD) در کودکان مبتلا به بیماری مادرزادی قلبی انجام شد.
روش‌ کار: این مطالعه یک مطالعه همگروهی گذشته‌نگر بود که طی سال‌های 1381 تا 1397 بر روی بیماران مبتلا به CHD مراجعه‌کننده به کلینیک قلب کودکان بیمارستان امام رضا(ع) مشهد انجام شد. با استفاده از روش سرشماری، کلیه پرونده­های با تشخیص ADHD در مطالعه گنجانده شدند. تشخیص CHD به صورت بالینی و با استفاده از دستگاه اکوکاردیوگرافی توسط متخصص قلب کودکان با تجربه انجام شد. اطلاعات دموگرافیک، بالینی و پاراکلینیکی بیماران و نوع مداخله قلبی، جمع­آوری و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. داده­ها با نرم­افزار SPSS نسخه 16.5، آمار توصیفی و آزمون مجذور خی، تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه 136 بیمار وارد مطالعه شدند. میانگین سنی شرکت­کنندگان در زمان تشخیص 84/45±12/59 ماه بود. الکتروانسفالوگرام غیرطبیعی (EEG) در سه مورد (2.2%) گزارش شد. بین نارس بودن و تاخیر رشد همبستگی معنی­داری وجود داشت (01/0P= ). میانگین سنی در بیماران مبتلا به اختلالات قلبی جزئی نسبت به افراد دارای اختلالات قلبی عمده، تفاوت معنی­داری داشت  (05/0> (P . شیوع ADHD در جمعیت CHD بالا بود (31.6%).
نتیجه‌گیری: این مطالعه نشان داد که کودکانی که با بیماری‌های مادرزادی قلبی متولد می‌شوند در معرض افزایش خطر ابتلا به اختلال نقص توجه و بیش فعالی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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مجله اصول بهداشت روانی
دوره 25، شماره 1
بهمن و اسفند 1401
صفحه 11-18

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