1. Malekshahi F, Farhadi A. [Prevalence of child abuse in Khorramabad junior high school students]. Yafte 2014;
15(5): 31-9. (Persian)
2. Sirois M , Berthelot N, Drouin-Maziade C, Germain P, Martel MJ. [Child abuse and parenting]. Soins Pediatr
Puericulture 2015; 284: 44-7. (French)
3. Takahashi K, Kanda H, Sugaya N. Japan emerging challenge for child abuse: System coordination for early
prevention of child abuse is needed. Biosci Trends 2014; 8(4): 240-1.
4. Tran NK, van Berkel SR, van IJzendoorn MH, Alink LRA. The association between child maltreatment and
emotional, cognitive, and physical health functioning in Vietnam. BMC Public Health 2017; 17(1): 332.
5. Miri S, Froogh Ameri G, Mohammad Alizadeh S, Froodnia F. [Prevalence of child abuse in high schoolstudents of
Bam city (Kerman/Iran) in 2003]. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 2006; 13(1): 43-50. (Persian)
6. Euser S, Alink LR, Pannebakker F, Vogels T, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Van IJzendoorn MH. The prevalence
of child maltreatment in the Netherlands across a 5-year period. Child Abuse Negl 2013; 37(10): 841-51.
7. van der Kooij IW, Nieuwendam J, Bipat S, Boer F, Lindauer RJ, Graafsma TL. A national study on the prevalence
of child abuse and neglect in Suriname. Child Abuse Negl 2015; 47: 153-61.
8. Schilling C, Weidner K, Brähler E , Glaesmer H, Häuser W, Pöhlmann K. Patterns of childhood abuse and neglect
in a representative German population sample. PLoS One 2016; 11(7): e0159510.
9. Simsek E, Guney SA, Baysal SU. A retrospective study with ICAST-R (ispcan child abuse screening toolsretrospective) questionnaire for determination of child abuse in first year medical students in Turkish
population. Child Abuse Negl 2017; 69: 125-33.
10. Namdari P. [Prevalence of child abuse in Khoramabad secondary school students]. Iranian journal of psychiatry
and clinical psychology 2003; 9(1): 62-70. (Persian)
11. Tavakol Kh. [Survey of child abuse types in families]. Journal of Isfahan nursing and midwifery 2000; 14: 90-95.
(Persian)
12. Hadianfard H. Child abuse in group of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in comparison with
normal children. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2014; 2(2): 77-84.
13. Witt A, Brown RC, Plener PL, Brahler E, Fegert JM. Child maltreatment in Germany: Prevalence rates in the
general population. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11: 47.
14. Zahrabi Moghadam J, Nouhjah S, Divdar M, Sedaghat Dyl Z, Adibpour M, Sephavand Z. [Frequency of child
abuse and some related factors in 2-5 years children attending health centers of Ahvaz and Haftgel in 2011].
Jentashapir journal of health research 2012; 3(1): 237-45. (Persian)
15. Salmani N, Hoseini SV, Ahmadi F. [Survey of effective factors in child abuse and neglecting prevalence in
students of nursing Islamic Azad University]. Journal of Urmia nursing and midwifery faculty 2007; 5(3): 112-16.
(Persian)
16. Mohammadkhani P. [The prevalence of the psychological characteristics of harassed children, the quality of life
and the general health of their parents]. Ph.D. Dissertation. Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran. (Persian)
17. Schnitzer PG, Gulino SP, Yuan YY. Advancing public health surveillance to estimate child maltreatment
fatalities: Review and recommendations. Child Welfare 2013; 92(2): 77-98.
18. Child Welfare Information Gateway. Child abuse and neglect fatalities 2015: Statistics and interventions.
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Children’s Bureau; 2017.
19. Khooshabi K, Habibi Asgarabadi M, Farzadfar SZ, Mohammadkhani P. [Prevalence of child abuse in secondary
students in Tehran]. Social welfare quarterly 2011; 7: 115-35. (Persian)
20. Jones ED, McCurdy K. The links between types of maltreatment and demographic characteristics of children.
Child Abuse Negl 1992; 16(2): 201-15.
21. Stoltenborgh M, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van Ijzendoorn MH. The neglect of child neglect: A meta-analytic
review of the prevalence of neglect. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013; 48: 345-55.
22. US Department of Health and Human Services. Child maltreatment 2014. Washington: US Government Printing
Office; 2015.
23. Andirouyan V. [The prevalence of physical and emotional abuse among girl students of Ahvaz city]. MS.
Dissertation. Ahvaz: Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, 1996. (Persian)
24. Kendall-Tackett KA, Eckenrode J. The effects of neglect on academic achievement and disciplinary problems: a
developmental perspective. Child Abuse Negl 1996; 20(3): 161-9.
25. Silverman AB, Reinherz HZ, Giaconia RM. The long-term squeal of child and adolescent abuse: A longitudinal
community study. Child Abuse Negl 1996; 20(8): 709-23.
26. McMillan HL, Fleming JE, Streiner DL, Lin E, Boyle MH, Jamieson E, et al. Childhood abuse and lifetime
psychopathology in a community sample. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158(11): 1878-83.
27. Black DA, Smith Slep AM, Heyman RE. Risk factors for child physical abuse. J Aggress Viol Behav 2001; 6(2-
3): 189-201.
28. Taylor J. Antisocial behavior, substantial somatization families of adolescent controls. J Drug Alcohol Abuse
2005; 141(1): 591-7.
29. Edore C, Onigu-Otitea B, Harolyn ME. Maternal drug abuse history, maltreatment, and functioning clinical sample
of urban children. Child Abuse Negl 2012; 36: 491-7.