نقش ویژگی‌های برون گرایی و درون گرایی در رابطه بین اضطراب دختران با سبک‌های فرزند پروری والدین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی، گروه روان شناسی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران شمال، ایران

2 گروه روان شناسی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران شمال، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد روان شناسی عمومی، واحد بندرگز، بندر گز، ایران

4 دکترای روان شناسی تربیتی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکترای روان شناسی و آموزش کودکان با نیازهای ویژه، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلالات اضطرابی می توانند بر تمامی نگرش ها، رفتارها و حتی حالت افراد تاثیر گذار باشند و این اثرات در کودکان به مراتب گسترده تر از بزرگسالان خواهد بود، بنابراین هدف این پژوهش بررسی نقش ویژگی­های برون گرایی و ­درون گرایی در رابطه بین اضطراب دختران با سبک­های فرزند پروری والدین آن ها بود.
روش کار: روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود، جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل تمامی 15872 دانش آموزان دختر دبیرستانی مشغول به تحصیل در مقطع متوسطه دوم شهر قم در سال تحصیلی 96-1395 بود. حجم نمونه با توجه به فرمول کوکران 375 نفر بود که با استفاده روش نمونه گیری خوشه­ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع آوری داده­ها پرسش نامه شخصیت آیزنک، پرسش نامه شیوه های فرزندپروری بامریند و پرسش نامه اضطراب اسپیلبرگر بود. در تحلیل داده ها از آزمونهایی مانند آزمون کولموگروف-اسمیرنوف و نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شد.
یافته­ها: ویژگی­های برون گرایی و ­درون گرایی و سبک­های فرزند پروری والدین بر اضطراب دختران اثر مستقیم و معناداری دارد (05/0>P) و در مسیر غیر مستقیم ویژگی های برون گرایی و درون گرایی فرزندان در رابطه سبک‌های فرزند پروری و اضطراب دختران مقطع متوسطه دوم نقش واسطه ای ایفا می نمایند و به طور کلی مدل ارایه شده مورد تایید واقع گردید و 27/0 از متغیر اضطراب توسط ویژگی­های برون گرایی، ­درون گرایی و سبک­های فرزند پروری والدین آن ها قابل تبیین می باشد.
نتیجه گیری: این یافته ها مبتنی بر دیدگاه سیستمی بر هم آمیختگی روان شناختی فرزندان با الگوهای رفتاری والدین در محیط خانواده تاکید می نماید و مبین اثرات ویژگی های شخصیتی در ارتقا سلامت ارتباطی والد-فرزندی و اضطراب فرزندان     می باشد.

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