مجله اصول بهداشت روانی

مجله اصول بهداشت روانی

رابطه بین سبک‌های فرزندپروری و عزت‌نفس در کودکان و نوجوانان مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه/بیش‌فعالی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 General physician, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Associate professor of child and adolescent psychiatry, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Professor of child and adolescent psychiatry, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Assistant professor in biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
10.22038/jfmh.2026.85843.3213
چکیده
مقدمه: اختلال نقص توجه/بیش‌فعالی (ADHD) یک اختلال عصبی-رشدی است که به‌طور قابل‌توجهی بر رفتار، عملکرد تحصیلی و تعاملات اجتماعی کودکان تأثیر می‌گذارد. این چالش‌ها می‌توانند بر عزت‌نفس کودک تأثیر بگذارند و نقش والدین در شکل‌گیری خودپنداره مثبت و بهزیستی هیجانی بسیار حیاتی است. هدف این مطالعه، بررسی رابطه بین سبک‌های فرزندپروری و عزت‌نفس در کودکان و نوجوانان مبتلا به ADHD بود.
روش‌ کار: این مطالعه مقطعی شامل ۷۷ شرکت‌کننده بود که در بازه زمانی ژانویه ۲۰۲۳ تا دسامبر ۲۰۲۴ در بیمارستان روان‌پزشکی ابن‌سینا (مشهد، ایران) مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. تشخیص اولیه ADHD توسط روان‌پزشک کودک و نوجوان و بر اساس معیارهای DSM-5-TR انجام شد. ارزیابی شرکت‌کنندگان با استفاده از «مقیاس رتبه‌بندی سوانسون، نولان و پلهام-نسخه ۴» (SNAP-IV) و «پرسشنامه عزت‌نفس کوپراسمیت» (CSEI) صورت گرفت. همچنین والدین «پرسشنامه سبک‌های فرزندپروری بامریند» را تکمیل کردند. تحلیل داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS ۲۳ انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: عزت‌نفس «بسیار پایین» و «پایین» به ترتیب در ۳۹٪ و ۱۶.۹٪ از شرکت‌کنندگان مشاهده شد. سبک فرزندپروری «مقتدرانه» بالاترین میانگین نمره را داشت و پس از آن سبک‌های «آزادگذار» و «مستبدانه» قرار گرفتند. سبک‌های فرزندپروری هیچ‌گونه ارتباطی با عزت‌نفس یا نمرات علائم ADHD نشان ندادند. میزان عزت‌نفس در پسران بیشتر از دختران (۰.۰۲۳ =P) و در دانش‌آموزان مقطع ابتدایی بیشتر از دانش‌آموزان مقاطع متوسطه اول و دوم (۰.۰۰۱ >P) بود. در تحلیل رگرسیون خطی چندگانه، سن به‌طور مستقل و منفی با عزت‌نفس مرتبط بود (۰.۳۵۲- =β؛ ۰.۰۰۳ =P).
نتیجه‌گیری: در مطالعه حاضر، رابطه معناداری بین عزت‌نفس و سبک فرزندپروری مشاهده نشد و سن به‌عنوان عاملی مستقل بر سطح عزت‌نفس تأثیرگذار بود. برای دستیابی به نتایج دقیق‌تر، انجام مطالعات طولی و استفاده از حجم نمونه‌های بزرگ‌تر ضروری است.
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