تمرین ورزشی در گونه‌شناسی باز-بسته بر عملکرد شناختی با کنترل نقش آمادگی قلبی-تنفسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 Assistant professor, Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Events Management, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

2 Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Events Management, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

10.22038/JFMH.2025.86994.3233

چکیده

مقدمه: شواهد نشان می‌دهد که ورزش‌های مهارت باز و مهارت بسته ممکن است بر عملکردهای شناختی تأثیر متفاوتی داشته باشند. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرینات مهارت باز و بسته بر عملکردهای اجرایی (حافظه کاری، توجه) دختران جوان، ضمن کنترل آمادگی قلبی-تنفسی، انجام شد.
روش‌ کار: این مطالعه از اکتبر 2023 تا ژانویه 2024 در یکی از سالن‌های ورزشی سرپوشیده دانشگاه ارومیه انجام شد. با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، 60 دانشجوی دختر کارشناسی انتخاب و به طور تصادفی به سه گروه مساوی تقسیم شدند: کنترل، مهارت بسته و ورزش‌های مهارت باز. از آزمون مرتب‌سازی کارت ویسکانسین (WCST) و آزمون N-back برای ارزیابی توجه و حافظه کاری استفاده شد. شرکت‌کنندگان مداخله تمرینی خاص خود را به مدت 10 هفته، دو جلسه 60 دقیقه‌ای در هفته انجام دادند. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های تی زوجی و ANCOVA در نرم‌افزار SPSS 26 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که بهبود معناداری در حافظه کاری و توجه در گروه‌های تمرین مهارت‌های باز و بسته وجود دارد (P< 0.05). پس از کنترل اثر آمادگی قلبی تنفسی، گروه مهارت‌های باز در حافظه و توجه از هر دو گروه مهارت‌های بسته و کنترل بهتر عمل کرد (P< 0.05). علاوه بر این، توجه در گروه مهارت‌های بسته به طور قابل توجهی بهتر از گروه کنترل بود (P< 0.05)، در حالی که تفاوت‌های حافظه معنادار نبود (P> 0.05).
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که ورزش‌های مهارت‌های باز و بسته می‌توانند عملکردهای شناختی را به طور قابل توجهی بهبود بخشند؛ اما هنگام کنترل آمادگی قلبی تنفسی، به نظر می‌رسد ورزش‌های مهارت‌های باز تأثیر بارزتری دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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مجله اصول بهداشت روانی
دوره 27، شماره 5
مهر و آبان 1404
صفحه 313-321

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