A study of the mediating role of resilience in personality characteristics and attitudes toward delinquency

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. in psychology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Assistant professor of psychology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

3 M.Sc. student in psychology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Abstract
Introduction: Adolescence is one of the most sensitive, critical and important periods of development in human lifespan. Adolescents may make decisions that lead to risky and inefficient behaviors such as delinquency because of the instability in their mental status. The aim of the present study is to study the mediating role of resilience in personality characteristics and attitudes toward delinquency.
 Materials and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study included 400 female high school students in secondary schools in Kerman in the second semester of the 2012-2013 academic year, selected by random sampling method. Attitude toward Delinquency scale, Resilience Scale, and NEO five-factor inventory were used as instruments. The data were analyzed with path analysis method by Mplus-5 software.
Results: The analysis showed that conscientiousness (P<0.001) and neuroticism (P<0.001) could predict negative attitude toward delinquency via resilience both directly and indirectly, while extraversion (P<0.01) could only predict negative attitude toward delinquency indirectly. Also, conscientiousness (P<0.001) had a negative and significant effect on positive attitude toward delinquency.
Conclusion: According to the results, since adolescents are more exposed to social and psychological risks, it seems that we can prevent them from delinquency by enhancing their conscientiousness and resilience

Keywords

References

References
1. Anisi J, Salimi H, Mirzamani M, Reisi F, Niknam m. [A survey study on behavioral problems  in adolescence]. Journal of research in behavioral sciences 2008; 1(2): 163-70. (Persian)
2. Luna B, Padmanabhan A, O’Hearn K. What has fMRI told us about the development of cognitive control through adolescence? J Brain Cogn 2010; 72: 101-13.
3. Dadsetan P. [Criminal psychology]. Tehran: Samt; 2010: 50. (Persian)
4. Ahmadi H, Ebrahimi M. [Social factors associated with attitudes to girls' delinquent behavior: A case study of Gorgan 2009]. Journal of law 2009; 9: 26-50. (Persian)
5. Shayegan F, Jabeli M. [Factors affecting crime trends for women]. Journal of women police 2011; 13: 63-100. (Persian)
6. Jolliffe D. Exploring the relationship between the five-factor model of personality, social factors and self-reported delinquency. J Pers Individ Dif 2013; 55: 47-52.
7. Aghapour M. [Comparison personality profiles juvenile, youth, delinquents and normal]. Journal of education 2010; 14(13): 13-26. (Persian)
8. Abdi MF, Jalali A, Mirmehdy R. An investigation comparison of personality traits and the study of parenting rearing of 12-18 delinquency and non-delinquency youth. J Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2010; 5: 2089-92.
9. Delaram A, Iravani M, Sobhi-Gharamaleki N. A comparison of the personality characteristics of delinquent and nondelinquent juveniles of Tehran, Iran. Int J Crim Soc Theory 2010; 3(1): 372-84.
10. Ahmadi H, Konani S. [Personal characteristics among delinquent boys]. Journal of excellence rights 2009; 2(7): 99-115. (Persian)
11. Chabrol H, Leeuwen  NV, Rodgers R, Sejourne N. Contributions of psychopathic, narcissistic, Machiavellian, an sadisticpersonality traits to juvenile delinquency. Pers Individ Dif  2009; 47(7): 734-9.
12. Ebrahiminasab K, Nouri A, Molavi H. [Comparison personal characteristics among delinquent boys and normal boys in Isfahan]. Research journal of Isfahan University 2003; 2: 227-40. (Persian)
13. Markey CN, Markey PM, Ericksen AG, Tinsle BJ. Children’s behavioral patterns, the five-factor model of personality, and risk  behaviors. J Pers Individ Dif 2006; 41: 1503-13.
14. Barami F, Malikan H, Abedi MR. [Comparison of strategies to increase accountability among students of Isfahan]. Journal of Amoozeh 2003; 17: 64-72. (Persian)
15.Terracciano A, McCrae RR. Cross-cultural studies of personality traits and their relevance to psychiatry. J Epidemiol Psychiatr Soc 2006; 15(3): 176-84.
16. Kazemeini T, Modarres Gharavi M. [The relationship between personality characteristics and risky behaviors among college students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences]. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 2013; 12(1): 15-26. (Persian)
17. Seccombe K. Beating the odds versus changing the odds: poverty,  resilience, and family policy. J Marr Fam 2002; 64: 384-94.
18. Campbell-Sills L, Cohen ShL, Stein MB. Relationship or resilience to personality, coping, and psychiatric symptoms in young adults. J Behav Res Ther 2006; 44: 585-99.
19. Bartely  CE, Roesch SC. Coping with daily stress: The role of  conscientiousness. J Pers Individ Dif  2011; 50:79-83.
20. Fayombo G. The relationship between personality traits and psychological resilience among the Carbbean adolescents. Int J Psychol Stud 2010; 2: 105-15.
21. Shafiezadeh R. [The relationship between resilience and the big five personality factors]. Journal of knowledge and research in applied psychology 2012; 13(3): 95-102. (Persian)
22. Khabaz M, Behjati Z, Naseri M. [Relationship between social support and coping styles with resiliency in juvenile boys]. Journal of applied psychology 2012; 5(4): 108-23. (Persian)
23. Hsaa M, Graydon  K. Sources of resiliency among foster youth. J Children Youth Serv Rev 2009; 31: 457-63.
24. Mohammadi M, Jazayeri AR, Rafiei AH, Jokar B, Pourshahbaz A. Resiliency factors in individuals at high risk for substance abuse. Journal of Tabriz University 2013; 1(2): 193-214. (Persian)
25. Issacson, B. Characteristics and enhancement of resiliency in young people. MS. Dissertation. University of Wisconsin-Stout, 2002: 1-47.
26. Allen  R, Cox J, Cooper N. The impact of a summer day camp on the resilience of disadvantaged youths. J Phys Educ Recreat Dance 2006; 77(1): 17-23.
27. Cuomo C, Sarchiapone M, Giannantonio MD, Mancini M, Roy A. Aggression, impulsivity, personality traits, and childhood trauma of prisoners with substance abuse and addiction. Am J Drug  Alcohol Abuse 2008; 34(3): 339-45.
28. Buckner J C, Mezzacappa E, Beardslee WR. Characteristics  of resilient youths living in poverty: The role of self-regulatory processes. J Dev Psychopathol 2003; 15(1): 139-62.
29. Bentler PM. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bullet 1990; 107: 238-46.
30. Browne MW, Cudeck R. Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Bollen KA, Long JS. (editors). Testing structural equation models. London, UK: Sage; 1993: 136-62.
 
31. Hu L, Bentler PM. Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to
underparameterized model misspecification. Psychol Methods 1998; 3: 424-53.
32. Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structur Equat Model 1999; 6: 1-55.
33. Costa PT, McCrae PR. The five-factor model of personality and its relevance to personality disorders. J Pers Disord 1992; 6: 343-56.  
34. Grousifarshi MT, Mani A, Bakhshipour A. [The relationship personality characteristics and happiness among students of University of Tabriz]. Journal of psychology of Tabriz University 2006; 1: 144-58. (Persian)
35. Conner KM, Davidson JR. Development of a new resilience scale:  The Conner-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depress Anxiety 2003; 18(2): 76-82.
36. Jowkar B. [The mediating role of resilience in the relationship between general and emotional intelligence and life satisfaction]. Journal of contemporary psychology 2008; 2(4): 3-12. (Persian)
37. Fazli V. [Parenting style and attitude toward delinquency among juvenile 15 to 18 years old, Tehran]. Journal of crime prevention studies 2010; 5: 79-112. (Persian)
38. Fisher LA, Elias JW, Riz K. Predicting relapse to substance abuse as a function personality dimensions. J Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1998; 22(5): 1041-7.
39. Marnat G. [Psychological assessment]. Pashasharifi H, Nikkhou MR. (translators). Tehran: Roshd; 2000: 702. (Persian)
40. Rajabi GH, Zarenejad O. [A comparison study of personality characteristics among opium, heroine drug dependency, smoking and non-smoking participants]. Journal of educational psychology studies 2013; 6: 87-106. (Persian)
41. Trull TJ, Sher KJ. Relationship between the five-factor model of personality and axis I disorders in a non-clinical  sample.  J Abnorm Psychol 1994; 103: 350-60.
42. Tugade MM, Fredrickson BL. Resilient individuals use positive emotion to bouce back from negative emotional experiences. J Pers Soc Psychol 2004; 86: 320-33.
43. Hemenover SH. Individual differences in rate of affect change: Studies in affective chronometry. J Pers Soc Psychol 2003; 85: 121-31.
44. Fredrickson BL. The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broden-and-build theory of positive emotions. J Am Psychol 2001; 56: 218-26.
45. Chalmeh R. [Efficacy evaluation measure resiliency in Adel Abad prison in Shiraz, validity, reliability and factor structure]. Journal of psychological models and methods 2010; 1(4): 31-43. (Persian)
 
Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
March and April 2015
Pages 103-110

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics