https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/ Fundamentals of Mental Health en daily 1 Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27633.html Introduction: Regarding the increasing rate of self-harming behaviors and suicidal ideations or attempts among adolescents, we assessed the relationship between suicidality, self-harming behaviors with problematic smartphone use in adolescents admitted to psychiatric hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on adolescents aged 12 to 18 years who were hospitalized in the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department of Ibn-e-Sina Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, during December 2022 to March 2023, who were selected through the convenient sampling method. Research instruments included a demographic checklist, Behavioral Features of Self-Harm Questionnaire, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, Self-Harm Inventory, and Cellphone Overuse Scale. We analyzed the data analysis using SPSS 16.0, descriptive indices, Chi-square test, t-test, and Pearson's correlation test. Results: In this study, we assessed 158 adolescents (91 had a history of suicide and 67 had no history of suicide). The difference between the two groups in history of self-harm was significant (P< 0.001). The risk of suicide was more in the suicide group and this group had problematic use of mobile phone more than the group without suicidal attempt (P< 0.001). In the suicide group, the suicide risk was significantly associated with borderline personality disorder and problematic use of mobile phone (P< 0.001). Also, mobile phone use was significantly associated with borderline personality disorder in all adolescents (P< 0.001). Conclusion: We revealed that the problematic use of mobile phone is associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt in adolescents https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27634.html Introduction: Effective management of type 2 diabetes largely depends on patients’ adherence to treatment recommendations, including medication use, dietary guidelines, physical activity, and blood glucose monitoring. However, adherence is not solely a behavioral matter; it is also significantly influenced by psychological factors, particularly patients’ perceptions of their illness and their capacity for self-regulation. This study aimed to examine the relationship between treatment adherence, illness perception, and self-control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted among 270 patients with type 2 diabetes who attended healthcare centers in District 4 of Tehran between 2022 and 2023. Participants were selected through the convenience sampling method. The research instruments included the Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Treatment Adherence Scale, and the Self-Control Scale. We analyzed the data using Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple regression analyses, and SPSS version 22. Results: The findings showed that several dimensions of illness perception—such as timeline, treatment control, self-control, concern, and emotional representation—significantly predicted treatment adherence and collectively accounted for 51% of its variance. In addition, self-control was found to be a significant positive predictor, explaining 37% of the variance in treatment adherence, underscoring its essential role in maintaining consistent health-related behaviors. Conclusion: These results highlight the critical influence of psychological factors in the management of type 2 diabetes. Interventions designed to improve treatment adherence should incorporate components that strengthen self-control and positively reshape patients’ perceptions of their illness to enhance health outcomes. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27635.html Introduction: Clinical empathy, burnout, and quality of life (QoL) significantly impact healthcare professionals' well-being. Psychiatry residents are particularly susceptible to burnout, which may affect their empathy and QoL. This study explores these relationships among psychiatry residents. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 50 residents in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were assessed using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and WHOQOL-BREF. Data were analyzed using SPSS. v. 22, descriptive statistics, and Pearson's test. Results: Mean empathy was 110.4 ± 12.7 (moderate level). Burnout was high (33.6 ± 9.2), primarily due to emotional exhaustion (18.2 ± 6.1). QoL was moderate (67.5 ± 9.4), with the lowest score in social relationships (13.2 ± 3.6). Empathy negatively correlated with burnout (r= -0.45, P= 0.003) and positively with QoL (r= 0.38, P= 0.028). Burnout negatively impacted physical (r= -0.458, P= 0.003), mental (r= -0.640, P< 0.001), and social QoL (r= -0.618, P< 0.001). Cognitive empathy positively correlated with physical (r= 0.459, P= 0.003), mental (r= 0.376, P= 0.028), social (r= 0.348, P= 0.005), and environmental QoL (r= 0.446, P= 0.004). Emotional empathy was linked to better mental health (r= 0.437, P= 0.005) and social relationships (r= 0.446, P= 0.004). Conclusion: The study highlights key relationships between empathy, burnout, and quality of life. Reducing burnout and improving life quality may enhance empathy, benefiting both residents and patient care. Targeted mental health interventions are needed to support healthcare workers. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27636.html Introduction: This study compared social maturity, attachment styles, and emotion regulation strategies in normal adolescents and adolescents accused of sexual crimes. Materials and Methods: The research sample of this descriptive causal-comparative study consisted of 32 adolescent boys accused of sexual crimes who referred to the Forensic Medicine Department of Khorasan Razavi Province-Iran from April 2021 to March 2022. Thirty-two non-criminal adolescents were also selected as a comparison group using convenience sampling. Participants answered the Collins and Reed Attachment Styles Questionnaire, Rao Social Maturity Questionnaire, and Gross Emotion Regulation Strategies. Results: The findings showed that normal adolescents compared to accused adolescents had higher scores in social maturity (274.21 vs. 132.53) and secure attachment style. In contrast, accused adolescents reported higher levels of avoidant (17.87 vs. 6. 68) and anxiety styles (18.65 vs. 6.65). The independent samples t-test results revealed significant differences in social maturity (t= 16.79, P< 0.001) and attachment styles, including closeness (t= 13.57, P< 0.001), dependence (t= -14.88, P< 0.001), and anxiety (t= -16.28, P< 0.001). Groups differed significantly in reappraisal strategies (t= 2.10, P= 0.039) but not in suppression strategies (t= -1.01, P= 0.316). Conclusion: This study shows that adolescents accused of sexual offenses are vulnerable due to low social maturity and insecure attachment, and strengthening cognitive reappraisal skills can play an important role in emotion regulation and preventing risky behaviors. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27641.html Introduction: This study examined the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on depression, dysfunctional beliefs, and self-esteem among mothers raising children with intellectual disabilities. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 24 mothers recruited through convenience sampling were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received nine 2-hour sessions of MBCT. We assessed the participants using the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale. Results: The data showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy significantly reduced depression (P= 0.001), dysfunctional beliefs (P= 0.000), and increased self-esteem (P= 0.000) in the experimental group. The effect size for the mentioned variables was 0.429, 0.497, and 0.568, respectively. The greatest effect of the intervention was observed on improving family self-esteem (P= 0.000) and reducing perfectionistic beliefs (P= 0.002). Conclusion: Overall the findings of the study showed that MBCT can reduce depression and increase self-esteem by enhancing acceptance, reducing rumination, and improving emotional regulation. It is suggested that this method be included in support programs for mothers of children with intellectual disabilities. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27642.html Introduction: The aim of the present study was the effectiveness of child maltreatment immunization on emotional literacy, empathy, independence and responsibility of 8-10 year old children. Materials and Methods: The statistical population included all mothers with children aged 8-10 in Isfahan City-Iran in the spring of 2024, using a multi-stage random sampling method. A number of 40 mothers were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of 20, experimental and control. Research tools included Emotional Awareness Questionnaire (EAQ-30), the Children’s Empathy Questionnaire, Emotional Autonomy Questionnaire and Responsibility Questionnaire. Also, the experimental group received the intervention protocol of child vaccination against abuse by Brown (2020) during 10 sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Finally, the data was analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measurements using SPSS software version 26. Results: The results showed significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in emotional literacy, empathy, independence and responsibility (P< 0.01). Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the intervention of child vaccination against misbehavior is effective on emotional literacy, empathy, independence and responsibility of 8-10 year old children. Therefore, it is suggested that child immunization against misbehavior should be taught by counselors in schools and counseling centers active in the field of children. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27643.html Introduction: Emergency Room (ER) nursing can be very stimulating, but can also be demanding. Nurses in the ER may be exposed to traumatic events which have a toll on their mental wellbeing; these however have not been adequately studied especially in developing climes. This study therefore sought to assess the mental health status of ER nurses in selected tertiary hospitals in Ogun State. Materials and Methods: The research utilized a quantitative cross-sectional design conducted within a six-week period between February 2024 to March, 2024 in Ogun State, Nigeria.  An aggregate of 117 nurses were engaged for the study adopting a structured questionnaire composed of standardized instruments to evaluate mental health status of emergency room nurses. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and SPSS version 28.0. Results: There was an even age distribution among the study participants with majority (88%) being females and staff nurses (44.6%). The findings showed that 61.4% of the respondents stated to have had signs of burnout, anxiety or depression within the space of a year. However, 45.8% did not feel adequately supported in managing work related stress and mental health challenges. On standardized assessment, it was further revealed that 27.7% were shown to have mild to severe levels of anxiety while a substantial proportion (81.9%) were assessed as having moderate to severe clinical insomnia. Conclusion: Emergency room nurses are prone to work related mental health challenges which may often be neglected and left without adequate management. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27644.html Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by uncontrollable, intrusive and recurring thoughts (obsessions), resulting in repetitive behaviours (compulsions). Migraine is a debilitating neurovascular disorder characterized by recurrent throbbing one-sided headache. Several investigations suggest that both OCD and migraine are associated with serotonergic dysfunction. OCD: The Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic-Cortical loop (CSTC) is considered the most important brain circuit involved in the pathophysiology of OCD, wherein serotonin is the principal neurotransmitter involved. Serotonergic medications act on specific circuits of CSTC leading to increased synaptic serotonin levels, which in turn help in amelioration of various symptoms of OCD.                Migraine: The serotonergic system present in the brainstem raphe nucleus has been most commonly attributed in migraine pathophysiology. Reduced brain 5-HT synthesis and, thereby, reduced 5-HT neurotransmission in migraineurs can dilate cranial blood vessels and initiate migraine. Triptans act as 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonists and mimic the role of serotonin in binding to its receptors in trigeminal nerve endings and blood vessels, leading to cranial vasoconstriction as well as decrease in the release of peptides like Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) and substance P, which ultimately stops the headache. There is a possible association between migraine and OCD. More research is warranted in this area to confirm this association. Considering the common role of serotonin in both these pathologies, there is a room for research on novel pharmacotherapy which can simultaneously act on the serotonergic pathways implicated in the pathology of both the disorders. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27005.html Background and Aim: Pornography addiction is a rising concern among adolescents. This study explored how COVID-19 anxiety affects pornography addiction through self-regulation.Methods:This descriptive-correlational study was conducted among all high school students in Tehran during the 2024–2025 academic year. Participants were selected through a multistage cluster sampling method. Based on Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 550 students was estimated, and finally, 532 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Data were collected using the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (Alipour et al., 2020), the Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Francis, 1999), and the Problematic Pornography Use Scale (Kor et al., 2014). The data were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) using LISREL version 8.80.Results:Path analysis results revealed that COVID-19 anxiety had a positive and significant direct effect on pornography addiction (β = 0.54, t = 21.38, p < 0.001). Moreover, COVID-19 anxiety indirectly influenced pornography addiction through a reduction in self-regulation (β = 0.27, t = 4.92, p < 0.01). There was also a significant negative relationship between self-regulation and pornography addiction (β = –0.33, t = –8.47, p < 0.001), indicating that higher self-regulation was associated with lower tendencies toward excessive pornography consumption.Conclusion:The findings indicate that COVID-19 anxiety is a crucial factor in increasing adolescents’ addictive behaviors, while enhancing self-regulation can mitigate this effect. Therefore, educational and counseling programs aimed at reducing anxiety and improving self-control are recommended for school settings. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27146.html Introduction: Given that exposure to stimulating sounds in individuals with misophonia elicits negative cognitive and emotional responses, therapeutic interventions may be effective in targeting misophonia symptoms. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and stress management -based exposure therapy on misophonia symptoms and emotional processing in affected individuals. Materials and Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental single-subject A-B-A design with baseline and multiple follow-ups. The statistical population included all individuals with misophonia who referred to counseling services in Mashhad, Iran, during 2023–2024. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight participants were selected and assigned to two groups: DBT (n=4) and stress management-based exposure therapy (n=4). Data were analyzed using recovery rate, reliable change, and total recovery rate, using the visual plot method. Results: The findings indicated that both DBT (68% recovery) and stress management-based exposure therapy (64% recovery) yielded clinically significant improvements in misophonia symptoms at follow-up. However, the DBT group demonstrated a higher recovery rate. Additionally, emotional processing in the DBT group showed greater improvement (total recovery rate of 82.50%) compared to the stress management-based exposure group (total recovery rate of 43.05%). Conclusion: Based on these findings, DBT is recommended as an effective intervention for reducing misophonia symptoms and improving emotional processing in individuals with misophonia https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27147.html Objective: This study examines the mediating role of self-efficacy and emotion regulation in the relationship between social support and academic procrastination among college students in Mashhad, Iran. Procrastination, a prevalent issue among students, is defined as the voluntary delay of important tasks despite negative consequences. Social support, encompassing emotional and instrumental assistance from family, friends, and others, is explored as a protective factor, with self-efficacy and emotion regulation as intrapersonal mediators. Materials and Methods: A descriptive-correlational design with structural equation modeling was employed. Data were collected from 535 students (246 male, 289 female) at Mashhad universities using convenience sampling. Measurement tools included the Tuckman Procrastination Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Sherer General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS software. Results: Results show that social support indirectly reduces procrastination through self-efficacy (β=-0.189, p<0.001), with no significant direct effect (β=-0.024, p=0.483). The emotion regulation strategy of reappraisal significantly decreases procrastination (β=-0.098, p=0.011), while suppression shows no significant effect (p=0.198). These findings underscore the mediating roles of self-efficacy and reappraisal in the relationship between social support and procrastination. Conclusion: The study highlights that educational interventions enhancing self-efficacy and adaptive emotion regulation strategies, particularly reappraisal, can effectively mitigate academic procrastination. These interventions may improve students’ academic performance and mental health, contributing to individual and societal advancement. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27272.html Background:Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders and is characterized by a pronounced fear of negative evaluation in social situations. Pharmacological treatments for this condition primarily focus on modulating serotonergic transmission and enhancing neuroplasticity.Methods:This systematic review was conducted using a private indexed database containing twenty five peer reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2025. Of these, seventeen randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews related to the pharmacotherapy of SAD were included in the final analysis.Results:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin–Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) remain the most effective first line treatments, particularly when combined with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), producing the greatest clinical improvements and reductions in HAM A and LSAS scores. Adjunctive treatments targeting glutamatergic signaling and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors were associated with enhanced neuroplasticity and facilitated fear extinction learning. Recent studies emphasize the role of the amygdala–hippocampus–precuneus circuit (a medial parietal region implicated in self referential processing) and concurrent modulation of SERT/DAT as key mechanisms.Conclusion:The findings suggest that the future direction of SAD treatment requires an emphasis on personalized pharmacotherapy and the integration of neurobiological approaches with cognitive behavioral interventions. Combining neuroplasticity enhancing agents with exposure based therapies appears to offer the most promising pathway for achieving sustained remission in SAD. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27273.html Background and Objective: Chronic insomnia is one of the most common sleep disorders among adults, adversely affecting cognitive performance, emotional regulation, and physical health. The present narrative review aimed to integrate biological, cognitive, and emotional models of insomnia and to explore recent pharmacologic and non‑pharmacologic therapies. Methods: A comprehensive narrative review was conducted. Key publications from 2000 to 2025 were identified in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using the keywords Insomnia, CBT‑I, Hyperarousal, and Emotion Regulation, and analyzed qualitatively. Findings: Biological, three‑factor, cognitive, and emotional models explain the development and persistence of insomnia. CBT‑I remains the most evidence‑based first‑line therapy; meanwhile, ACT‑I and digital adaptations (dCBT‑I) have demonstrated stronger sustainability and accessibility. Integrating these approaches within multimodal frameworks enhances treatment durability and personalization. Conclusion and Implications: An integrative bio‑cognitive‑emotional model, combined with personalized, data‑driven interventions and AI‑based predictive analyses, represents the future perspective for precision management of chronic insomnia. These developments may lead to more effective, enduring treatments and improved patient outcomes. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27274.html Introduction: Today, with the increase in divorce rates, there is an increasing need for psychological research to identify variables related to the tendency towards divorce. Identifying these variables and developing appropriate programs accordingly can be effective in reducing divorce rates.Methods: The current study aimed to predict tendency towards divorce based on the maladaptive schemas of emotional deprivation and defectiveness/shame with the mediating role of self-silencing. The research method was correlational, using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population included all married women living in Mashhad, 260 of whom were recruited via convenience sampling. They completed the Divorce Tendency Scale (DTS; 1986), Silencing the Self Scale (STTS; 1992), and Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YSQ; 1998). SPSS-25 and AMOS-24 software were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that all direct and indirect paths between variables were significant. The schemas of emotional deprivation and defectiveness/shame influenced the tendency towards divorce both directly and indirectly through self-silencing. Model fit indices (including RMSEA=0.051, CFI=0.961, GFI=0.967) showed that the proposed model had a good fit.Conclusion: The findings indicate that the maladaptive schemas of emotional deprivation and defectiveness/shame can predict the tendency towards divorce in married women through the mechanism of self-silencing. These results emphasize the importance of psychological interventions to modify maladaptive schemas and reduce self-silencing as a means of preventing divorce. It is suggested that future research use random samples and qualitative methods to deepen the findings. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27275.html AbstractBackground: Marital quality plays a vital role in psychological well-being. Cognitive patterns such as rumination are associated with poorer interpersonal functioning, whereas emotional expression contributes to intimacy and satisfaction in relationships.Objective: This study aimed to examine whether emotional expression mediates the relationship between rumination and marital quality within the context of Iran's collectivist culture, where emotional restraint is prevalent.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 married adults aged 25–55 in Mashhad, Iran, using Persian-validated versions of the Rumination Scale (Nolen-Hoeksema & Morrow, 1991), Marital Relationship Quality Scale (Pierce, 1990), and Emotional Expression Scale (King & Emmons, 1990). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and bootstrapped mediation analysis (5,000 resamples, 95% CI) were conducted using AMOS v24.Results: Rumination negatively predicted emotional expression (β = –0.56, p < .001) and marital quality (β = –0.29, p < .001). Emotional expression positively predicted marital quality (β = 0.49, p < .001) and partially mediated the relationship between rumination and marital quality. The model demonstrated good fit (CFI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.045).Conclusion: Emotional expression partially mediates the adverse effect of rumination on marital quality. These findings underscore the value of culturally sensitive, emotion-focused interventions in collectivist societies like Iran, where emotional suppression is normative. However, due to the study’s cross-sectional design, causal interpretations are limited, and longitudinal research is recommended for future investigations.Keywords: Rumination, Emotional expression, Marital quality, Mediation, Collectivist culture, Iran, Cross-sectional study https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27276.html AbstractBackground: Anxiety and weak problem-solving abilities are prevalent among university students, affecting their academic performance and mental health. This study investigated the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on reducing anxiety sensitivity and improving problem solving‌‌ ability.Materials and Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test/post-test control group. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch. The study sample comprised 30 male students from Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, selected via purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Data collection tools included the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised and the Problem-Solving Inventory. Both groups completed a pre-test. The experimental group then received eight weekly one-hour sessions of MBSR training, while the control group received no intervention. Following the intervention, both groups completed a post-test using the same instruments.Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) indicated that MBSR training significantly reduced anxiety sensitivity and improved problem-solving ability among the students (p<0.05).Conclusion: The findings suggest that MBSR training can be an effective intervention for reducing anxiety sensitivity and enhancing problem-solving skills in university students. These effects are likely achieved through mechanisms such as increased self-awareness and emotional regulation.Keywords: Mindfulness, Stress, Anxiety Sensitivity, Problem-Solving https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27375.html Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of Short Video Addiction (SVA) on risky decision-making behavior among university students. Method: A comparative, ex post facto, between-group design was employed. The statistical population comprised undergraduate and graduate students at Islamic Azad University, Arslanian. A sample of 128 participants was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling and divided into SVA and non-addicted groups. Data was collected using the Short Video Addiction Scale (SVAS) and the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). Data analysis, after confirming statistical assumptions, used Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and Univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), controlling for age and sex. Results: The MANCOVA results indicated a statistically significant overall difference in risky decision-making behavior between the SVA and non-addicted groups, after controlling for age and sex (F (3, 122) = 34759.322, p < 0.001, Partial η(_P^2) = 0.999). Follow-up univariate analyses confirmed that the addicted group demonstrated a significantly higher Average Pumps for Unexploded Balloons (risk-taking) (F (1, 124) = 893.17, p < 0.001, Partial η(_P^2) = 0.878) and a significantly lower Number of Balloons with Collected Earnings (risk management) (F (1, 124) = 606.73, p < 0.001, Partial η(_P^2) = 0.830). Furthermore, age had a significant effect on risky decision-making behavior, while sex did not show a significant impact. Conclusion: Short video addiction is strongly associated with increased risky decision-making behavior and reduced risk management in university students. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27471.html Introduction: Neuropsychological dysfunctions are a major factor in severe mental disorders, including depression. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Integrated Neurocognitive Therapy (INT) in improving the neuropsychological functions of individuals with major depressive disorder. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental design conducted as a pretest-posttest-3-month follow-up with a control group. 25patients with major depressive disorder referring to psychiatric and rehabilitation clinics in Mashhad were selected by purposive (non-probability) sampling. Data were collected using the Stroop Color-Word Test and Go/No-Go test in the pretest, posttest, and 3-month follow-up phases. Subsequently, the patients in the experimental group underwent Integrated Neurocognitive Therapy for 20 sessions of 90 minutes each (twice a week). Repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post-hoc test were used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that the interaction effect between Go/No-Go scores (omission error) and group (F = 2.15, p = 0.148) was not significant, but the interaction effect between Go/No-Go scores (commission error) and group was significant (F = 5.04, p = 0.011). After analyzing the Stroop test data, the results also indicated that the interaction effect between Stroop scores (interference errors) and group (f = 0.90, p = 0.416) was not significant, and the interaction effect between Stroop scores in the subscale (interference time) and group (f = 1.68, p = 0.198) was significant. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, Integrated Neurocognitive Therapy can be effective in improving some neuropsychological functions of patients with major depressive disorder and can be used. https://jfmh.mums.ac.ir/article_27660.html Introduction: Migration is a multifaceted and stressful experience often accompanied by acculturative stress, which can significantly affect the mental health of migrants. Perceived social support is considered an important protective factor that may buffer the adverse psychological effects of this stress. The present study aimed to examine the moderating role of different sources of social support in the relationship between acculturative stress and psychological symptoms among Afghan migrants living in Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive–correlational study was conducted on 580 Afghan migrants aged 18 years and older, selected through convenience and snowball sampling. Data were collected using the Acculturative Stress Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the SCL-90 symptom checklist. Pearson correlation and moderation analysis using PROCESS Macro (Model 1) were performed. Results: The findings indicated that acculturative stress was positively and significantly associated with all psychological symptoms, whereas social support showed a negative and significant relationship with these symptoms. Importantly, among the different types of social support, only support from friends demonstrated a significant moderating effect: higher levels of friend support attenuated the impact of acculturative stress on psychological symptoms.Conclusion: These results highlight the protective role of social support particularly support from peers and underscore the need to strengthen social networks and peer-based interventions to promote the mental health of Afghan migrants.