تمرین طی بارداری: مطالعه‌ای تجربی از اثرات آن بر رشد شناختی در اوایل طفولیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشد حرکتی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه الزهراء، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: سبک زندگی فعال طی بارداری تاثیرات ماندگاری بر مادر و کودک وی خواهد داشت. تحقیق حاضر نیز با هدف بررسی اثرات فعالیت بدنی طی بارداری بر رشد شناختی کودک طی سه ماه اول تولد انجام شد.
روش­کار: در این مطالعه تجربی، تعداد 40 جفت مادر-کودک انتخاب شده و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایش، از یک دوره مداخله حرکتی 16 جلسه­ای با حداکثر مدت 50 دقیقه سود برده و گروه کنترل نیز هیچ گونه فعالیت جسمانی هدف­دار و منظمی را دنبال نمی کردند. سرانجام کودکان این دو گروه با استفاده از پرسشنامه سنین-مرحله (ASQ 3) در دو دوره یک و سه ماهگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. به­منظور بررسی فرضیه ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس اندازه تکراری و برای بررسی تفاوت بین دو گروه از آزمونt  مستقل استفاده شد. کلیه محاسبات آماری با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS-22 انجام گرفت.
یافته­ها: نتایج نشان داد که تمرین منتخب بدنی مادران باردار در گروه آزمایش منجر به برتری مهارت شناختی حل مساله شده و اثرات اصلی زمان (55/27, F= 001/0P=) و گروه (13/78, F= 001/0P=) معنی دار بود.
نتیجه­گیری: نتایج کسب شده تایید کرد که فعالیت بدنی طی بارداری اثر منفی بر رشد کودک نداشته و می تواند باعث ارتقای رشد شناختی کودک گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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