Investigating the effectiveness of cognitive emotion regulation training along with mindfulness-based on self-confidence in emotion regulation in adults with stuttering: Single-subject study

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.

2 Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Electronics unit, Tehran, Iran.

3 Department of Psychology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Department of Counseling, Al-Mahdi Mehr Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran.

10.22038/JFMH.2025.84749.3194

Abstract

Introduction: Stuttering can result in lower self-esteem, restricted social interactions, and adult workplace difficulties. This study examined how cognitive emotion regulation training and mindfulness-based self-confidence-enhancing training can improve emotional regulation in men and women who stutter.
 
Materials and Methods: The present study was a single-subject experimental design with three baselines, four intervention situations, and two follow-up situations. Participants in the study were adult males and females with stuttering who were seeking treatment at speech therapy clinics in Shiraz, Iran. Researchers utilized the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Various descriptive statistics, such as mean, median, range, stability envelope, range of stability envelope, relative level, and absolute level, were employed in the analysis. Moreover, the researchers used between-condition, within-condition, and graphical analysis methods to test the research hypotheses. All data analyses were conducted using SPSS version 27 and Excel software.
 
Results: According to the results, Percentage of Non-overlapping Data (PND) for the first and third individuals was 100%, while for the second individual, it was 83.33%. This indicates a significant increase in cognitive regulation of positive emotion for all three individuals. However, in terms of cognitive regulation of negative emotion, the PND rate was 100% for all three individuals, reflecting a significant decrease in cognitive regulation of negative emotion in all cases.
 
Conclusion: These findings indicate that the combination of cognitive emotion regulation training and mindfulness-based self-confidence training can significantly improve emotion regulation and self-regulation abilities in stutterers.

Keywords

References

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Fundamentals of Mental Health
Volume 27, Issue 5
September and October 2025
Pages 331-341

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