Fundamentals of Mental Health

Fundamentals of Mental Health

The effectiveness of body psychotherapy on executive functions in patients with post-stroke depression

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Sahar Sadat Nazm Bojnourdi 1
Ali Ghanaei Chaman Abad 2
Javad Salehi Fadardi 3
1 MS. student in cognitive sciences, Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Associate professor, Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
10.22038/jfmh.2019.14828
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of depression after stroke, it is necessary to evaluate and compare appropriate rehabilitations to improve patients in this field. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of body psychotherapy on improving executive functions in patients with post-stroke depression.
Materials and Methods: This clinical study performed in Mehrana Nursing Home in Bojnourd city, Iran in 2019. Twenty women with post-stroke depression were selected by purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n= 10) and control (n= 10). The intervention group participated in body psychotherapy sessions and the control group received routine treatment. Patients were assessed via demographic questionnaires, Beck Depression Inventory, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and computerized tests of executive performance measures including the Wisconsin Card Test, Tower of London, Corsi Blocks Task Test, and Wechsler Numerical Span Test. Data were analyzed by t-test and covariance analysis by SPSS software.
Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements in the Tower of London test (P= 0.001), Corsi Blocks Task Test (P= 0.03), and Wechsler Numerical Span Test (P= 0.03) than the control group.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, body psychotherapy can help improve executive functions in people with post-stroke depression.
Keywords
Body psychotherapy
Depression
Executive functions
Stroke
  1. Merritt HH. Merritt's neurology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2010.
  2. Simon R, Greenberg D, Aminoff M. Clinical neurology. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2009.
  3. Rezaei S, Asghari-Mobarake K, Keshavarz P, Tolami HF, Saravani MF, Saberi A, et al. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Val666met (rs6265) polymorphism associated with global and multi-domain cognitive impairment in ischemic stroke patients. Act Nerv Super 2017; 59(1): 28-36.
  4. Rezaei S, Dehnadi Moghadam A, Khodadadi N, Rahmatpour P. Functional independence measure in Iran: a confirmatory factor analysis and evaluation of ceiling and floor effects in traumatic brain injury patients. Arch Trauma Res 2015; 4(4): e25363.
  5. Wilson RS, Nag S, Boyle PA, Hizel LP, Yu L, Buchman AS, et al. Neural reserve, neuronal density in the locus ceruleus, and cognitive decline. Neurology 2013; 80(13): 1202-8.
  6. Hommel M, Carey L, Jaillard A. Depression: Cognition relations after stroke. Int J Stroke 2013; 10(6): 893-6.
  7. Shahbi Z. [Comparative study of the executive functions of elementary school students' and the relationship between executive functions and domains of mental disorders (depression, ADHD, learning disorder, conduct disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder) in both genders]. Ph.D. Dissertation. Al-Zahra University, Faculty of Educational Sciences, and Psychology, 2013: 11-19. (Persian)
  8. Firouzi S, Ebrahimighavam S, Dortaj F. [Comparison of executive functions based on test anxiety in the fifth grade elementary students]. Knowledge and research in applied psychology 2011; 12(1): 76-85. (Persian)
  9. Godefroy O, Stuss, D. Dysexecutive syndromes. In: Godfroy O, Bogousslavsky J. (editors). The behavioral and cognitive neurology of stroke. New York: Cambridge University; 2007: 103.
  10. Ferro JM, Martins IP, Caeiro L. Behavioral neurology of stroke. In: Brainin M, Heiss W.-D. (editors). Textbook of Stroke Medicine. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University; 2010: 236-54.
  11. Bernheisel CR, Schlaudecker JD, Leopold K. Subacute management of ischemic stroke. Am Fam Physician 2011; 84(12): 1383-8.
  12. Naghinasab Ardehaee F, Karami A, Javan M, Seifi M. [Effectiveness of body psychotherapy technique on stress and salivary cortisol level in high school girl students]. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences 2014; 16(4): 7-13. (Persian)
  13. Bahall M, Khan K. Quality of life of patients with first-time AMI: A descriptive study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2018; 16(1): 32.
  14. Shapiro PA. Management of depression after myocardial infarction. Curr Cardiol Rep 2015; 17: 80.
  15. Sun J-H, Tan L, Yu J-T. Post-stroke cognitive impairment: epidemiology, mechanisms and management. Ann Transl Med 2014; 2: 8.
  16. Amiri S, Nasehi M, Hasani Abharian P, Haji Naghi Tehrani KH, Kazemi R. [Effectiveness of Rehacom Cognitive Rehabilitation Software on depression in patients with chronic stroke]. Journal of military caring sciences 2019; 6(1): 39-48. (Persian)
  17. Shojaaddin F, Kazemi M, Alipour A, Oraki M. The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression and anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction. Evidence based care 2013; 2(4): 47-55.
  18. Totton N. Body psychotherapy: An introduction. United Kingdom: McGraw-Hill; 2003.
  19. Hosseinzadeh-Maleki Z. [The transformative role of executive functions in patients with ADHD]. Proceeding of the Conference on Cognitive Science Findings, 2011: 1-9. (Persian)
  20. Sarvi M, Ghanaie CA, Abdkhodaie MS. [The interactive effect of physical therapy and biofeedback on the psychological neurological function of self-esteem and emotional intelligence of mothers of children with learning disabilities]. Journal of fundamentals of mental health 2012; 14(4): 314-23. (Persian)
  21. Redman D. The effectiveness of dance/movement therapy as a treatment for students in a public alternative school diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A pilot study. Drexel University, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Creative Arts; 2007: 28-34.
  22. Legrand FD. Effects of exercise on physical self-concept, global self-esteem, and depression in women of low socioeconomic status with elevated depressive symptoms. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2014; 36(4): 357-65.
  23. Borhan A, Hewston P, Merom D, Kennedy C, Ioannidis G, Santesso N, et al. Effects of dance on cognitive function among older adults: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2018; 7(1): 24.
  24. Ho RTH, Fong TCT, Chan WC, Kwan JSK, Chiu PKC, Yau JCY, et al. Psychophysiological effects of dance movement therapy and physical exercise on older adults with mild dementia: A randomized controlled trial. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 75(3): 560-70.
  25. Kullberg-Turtiainen M, Vuorela K, Huttula L, Turtiainen P, Koskinen S. Individualized goal directed dance rehabilitation in chronic state of severe traumatic brain injury: A case study. Heliyon 2019; 5(2): e01184.
  26. Röhricht F, Gallagher S, Geuter U, Hutto DD. Embodied cognition and body psychotherapy: The construction of new therapeutic environments. Sensoria: A journal of mind, brain and culture 2014; 10(1): 20-34.
  27. Khaledian M, Gharibi H, Gholizadeh Z, Shakeri R. [The impact of group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on depression decrease and hopefulness increase of empty nest syndrome]. Journal of family counseling and psychotherapy 2013; 3(2): 261-79. (Persian)
  28. Rahimi Ch, Rasai G, Mohammadi N. [Ability to test continuous performance in differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and normal individuals]. Journal of psychological achievements 2014; 21(1): 79-100. (Persian)
  29. Lezak MD, Howieson DB, Loring DW, Fischer JS. Neuropsychological assessment. USA: Oxford University; 2004: 14.
  30. Christopher G, McDonald J. The impact of depression on working memory. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2005; 10(5): 379-99.
  31. Kessels RP, Van Zandvoort MJ, Postma A, Kappelle LJ, De Haan EH. The Corsi block-tapping task: standardization and normative data. Appl Neuropsychol 2000; 7(4): 252-8.
  32. Manjunath N, Telles S. Improved performance in the Tower of London test following yoga. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2001; 45(3): 351-4.
  33. Röhricht F, Papadopoulos N, Priebe S. An exploratory randomized controlled trial of body psychotherapyfor patients with chronic depression. J Affect Disord 2013; 151(1): 85-91.
  34. Röhricht F. Body psychotherapy for the treatment of severe mental disorders- An overview. Body Mov Dance Psychother 2015; 10(1): 51-67.
  35. Cusin C, Dougherty DD. Somatic therapies for treatment-resistant depression: ECT, TMS, VNS, DBS. Biol Mood Anxiety Disord 2012; 2(1): 14.
  36. Khanjani Z, Hashemi T, Vatani F. [The effectiveness of desensitization through eye movements and reprocessing of specific phobic disorder symptoms]. Journal of psychological achievements 2016; 23(2): 1-20. (Persian)
  37. Sayadi M, Eftekhar Saadi Z, Makvandi B, Hafezi F. [Effect of cognitive training on promotion of executive functions in women with postpartum depression in Bushehr city]. Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion 2018; 6(3): 213-21. (Persian)
  38. Ajilchi B, Ahadi H, Nejati V, Delavar A. [Executive functions in depressed and non-depressed individuals]. Journal of clinical psychology 2013; 5(2): 77-88. (Persian)
  39. Herbert A, Esparham A. Mind-body therapy for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Children (Basel) 2017; 4(5): 31.
  40. Milot MR, Plamondon H. Changes in HPA reactivity and noradrenergic functions regulate spatial memory impairments at delayed time intervals following cerebral ischemia. Horm Behav 2011; 59(4): 594-604.
  41. Cleary SE. Dance movement therapy and sensory integration: An integrated approach to working with children. MS. Dissertation. Naropa University, 2002: 11.
  42. Malekzadeh M. [Evaluation of alexithymia and the effect of physical therapy on the psychiatric neuropsychiatric characteristics of patients undergoing open heart surgery]. MS. Dissertation. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, 2014: 18. (Persian)
  43. Alilo M, Hamidi S, Shirvani A. [Comparison of executive actions and sustained attention in students with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, high schizotypal and overlapping symptoms with normal group]. Journal of research in behavioral sciences 2011; 9(3): 216-21. (Persian)
  44. Helmich I, Latini A, Sigwalt A, Carta MG, Machado S, Velasques B, et al. Neurobiological alterations induced by exercise and their impact on depressive disorders. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2010; 6: 115.
Fundamentals of Mental Health
Volume 21, Issue 6
November and December 2019
Pages 399-409